Endocrine Abstracts

Adaptor protein-2 (AP2) is a heterotetramer of α, β, μ, and σ subunits that is pivotal in clathrin-mediated endocytosis and facilitates internalisation of plasma membrane constituents such as the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR). AP2 σ subunit (AP2σ) missense mutations (Arg15Cys, Arg15His and Arg15Leu) result in familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia type 3 (FHH3) and decrease the sensitivity of CaSR-expressing cells to changes in extracellular calc...

The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is a guanine-nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein)-coupled receptor that has a central role in calcium homeostasis. Loss-of-function mutations of the CaSR result in familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia type 1 (FHH1) and gain-of-function mutations in autosomal dominant hypocalcemia (ADH). Recently, loss-of-function Gα11 mutations have been identified to cause FHH2 and we hypothesised that gain-of-function Gα11...

Loss-of-function mutations of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), result in familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia (FHH), a disorder of extracellular calcium homeostasis affecting the parathyroids and kidneys. However, around 35% of FHH patients do not have CaSR mutations. A form of FHH, designated FHH2, has been mapped to chromosome 19p. The GNA11 gene, encoding G-protein α11 (Gα11), a component of the CaSR sign...

Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia (FHH) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by lifelong elevation of serum calcium concentrations with inappropriately low urinary calcium excretion. Three types referred to as FHH1, FHH2 and FHH3 and located on chromosomes 3q21.1, 19p and 19q13.3, respectively, have been reported. FHH1, caused by loss-of-function mutations of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), accounts for >65% of FHH patients. To identify the gen...